Traditionally liquid/liquid extraction (LLE) is employed for the analysis of biological compounds, based upon the manipulation of aqueous pH to extract drugs into organic solvent(s) with several sort of polar. This method is used on a variety of specimens including blood, urine, bile, gastric contents, and tissue homogenates and acidic, neutral, and alkaline drugs may be extracted in one analytical scheme. Knowing the chemical properties of the drug(s) of interest allows the proper selection of organic solvents to perform a successful extraction from a biological specimen and a further purification of the extracts can be attained with a back extraction. The disadvantage of LLE is that relatively large volumes of organic solvents are required, an evaporation step is required to concentrate the extracts prior to analysis, necessity of thermal stability of some thermal-fragile sample analysis for evaporation step, and LLE corresponds to only one theoretical plate solid phase extraction (SPE). Evaporation can be done using N2 gas blowing, but this procedure cannot utilize large volume of solvents.

Author Name: Hideharu Shintani

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Keywords: liquid/liquid extraction (LLE), Solid Phase Extraction, Biological Fluids, Drugs

ISSN: 2167-910X

EISSN: 2167-910X

EOI/DOI: -

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